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Dogs of this type of Yorkshire terrier are characterized by their miniature size. They have a cheerful and playful character. The body and legs are covered with long and straight hair.
Representatives of this breed do not like to be in noisy company or among a large number of children, and react aggressively to excessive noise. They bark often and can attack even a large dog; they do not feel their size. The photo does not convey the fighting spirit of the baby.
To control the behavior of such a dog, it is necessary to educate it from an early age. But in general, Yorkies are one of the friendliest pets and are distinguished by their love of life and sociability. Because of these character traits, they get along well with owners of any age.
We will look at a photo of a mini and standard Yorkshire terrier and the difference between them.
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History and description of the breed
The Yorkshire Terrier and Yorkshire Terrier Mini are representatives of a breed that is included in the list of the smallest dogs in the world. Dog handlers claim that Scottish and English terriers were used to breed the first individuals. In 1760-1830 There was a large flow of Scottish citizens migrating to England. During the Industrial Revolution, there were large numbers of unemployed people, and some came with their dogs - Scottish terriers. After the breed merged with the English Terrier, the first Yorkies appeared.
What does a mini Yorkie look like?
Terriers were good rat catchers, so they were liked by many Englishmen. Dogs began to be bred by crossing the Skye Terrier with Scottish individuals. The first puppies were quite large in size. The dogs grew up and acquired a stocky build. They were very tenacious. Dogs were kept in textile factories to protect the workshops from rodents.
For your information! The British in the 19th century. Standard Yorkshire terriers were actively used as rat catchers in coal mines. The breed was known in Yorkshire and Lancashire.
Yorkies entered the dog show only in 1861. In England, the founder of the breed is considered to be a dog named Ben, who was born at the Kennel Club in 1886. Yorkies appeared in the USA only after 1872.
Character and appearance of the terrier
Dwarf Spitz: what the mini breed looks like
Dwarf representatives of the breed have a cheerful character. As puppies mature, they become balanced. Mini Yorkies do not have a hunting instinct. They get along well with children and pets.
Note! The difference between the Mini Yorkie and the classic representative of the breed is visible in character. Minis have a calmer disposition and are easier to toilet train.
Dimensions, weight and other distinctive features
Professional breeders of the breed distinguish three types of Yorkshire terriers:
- standard. The weight of an adult varies from 2 kg to 3 kg;
- mini. An adult dog weighs no more than 2 kg, most often 1.5 kg;
- micro. It is distinguished by its small size. An adult Yorkie weighs less than a cat, only 1.5 kg, some individuals grow to a maximum of 850 g.
Mini Yorkies have short muzzles. A miniature dog's nose is usually turned up. Breeders call this type of appearance baby face.
Appearance of the dog
Differences from regular Yorkies
The main difference between the mini and the breed standard is weight. The weight of an adult standard terrier can reach 3 kg. A miniature representative of the breed will not grow more than 1.3 kg.
Standard-sized Yorkies have a highly developed hunting instinct. Females give birth to offspring without complications during childbirth. Mini-Yorks have a difficult pregnancy period; some individuals are not even able to bear cubs.
For your information! Childbirth often ends with a caesarean section, after which the dog takes a long time to recover.
Breed standard
Yorkies are considered one of the smallest breeds. According to the FCI, AKC and RKF standards, which contain a detailed description of the appearance and character of the dog, the weight of an adult can be up to 3.2 kg . It is stipulated that any deviation from the accepted norm is considered a defect, and therefore leads to disqualification.
The severity of the deficiency depends not only on the degree of deviation from the norm, but also on how much it affects the dog's health. The lower limit of weight is not specified in any of the standards, but the lower the weight of an individual, the higher the likelihood of various diseases. A reasonable lower limit remains 2.4-2.3 kg .
Education and training
Dwarf spaniel (mini cocker): description of the breed
Miniature Yorkie puppies love to run and jump. It is important to raise the baby correctly so that the dog does not have health problems later. Puppies have very fragile bones that are often injured when jumping.
Important! In miniature dogs, the fontanel does not overgrow.
In the process of raising a puppy, you need to explain to him where he should not jump, for example, on the sofa or bed. Some owners allow their dogs to sleep with them. In this case, you need to buy a special ladder and place it directly next to the bed.
Particular attention should be paid to the issue of toilet training. For miniature Yorkies, you should buy special diapers. You can take goods intended for animals. Experienced dog breeders believe that baby absorbent diapers are a good alternative; in some stores they are cheaper than those intended for dogs.
After the puppy arrives in the house, it is necessary to fence off the area to which he will have access and lay several pieces of diapers on the floor at once. You can buy a special enclosure for dwarf dogs; it is needed to protect the puppy. The dog may chew the wires or eat a small part from a children's construction set.
When a little Yorkie uses a diaper correctly, he needs to be praised, and treats can be used as a reward. It must be remembered that you can scold a puppy only if he was caught directly at the “crime scene”, otherwise he will not understand why he is being punished.
Important! You can't hit a dog. With improper upbringing and cruelty to your pet, you can only raise a frightened and hysterical dog.
Puppies are highly trainable. Training can begin at 3-4 months. With the right approach, by 9 months the puppy will know commands and understand the owner perfectly. It is necessary to remember about encouragement and not to punish the child if he does not understand something. Training should begin with the command “come to me.” The dog must know its owner and always come when called. It is enough to say the command once and give the dog a treat for following it.
The main thing in training is encouragement
After the dog has mastered the first command, you can move on to further training. Your Yorkie must know where his bed is and associate it with the command “place.” It is important to make the puppy understand what “no” means; just say the command in a stern voice. If the baby continues to be naughty, then he needs to be ignored, and he will quickly understand what is wrong.
Terriers have a good memory. They quickly learn the “sit” command. The owner must take the treat in his hands; he can use a small piece of cheese, say “sit” and make a demonstration gesture with his hand, while holding the rewarding piece in sight.
The dog requires special care
Note! During the training process, differences between the breed standard and dwarf individuals can be identified. Minis have a harder time remembering the “lie down” command. You need to help the dog: first sit it down and, holding the treat in your hands at floor level, clearly pronounce the command. The dog may not immediately understand what they want from him, so you should be tolerant of your pet.
Description of the appearance of the breed
York is the result of selection work with small individuals of the breed. The weight of small representatives of these dogs ranges from 1.4 to 2.2 kilograms. There are also smaller Yorkies, whose weight does not reach 1.4 kilograms. They are sickly and because of this they live very little.
The standard weight of a regular Yorkie is from 2.2 to 3.2 kilograms. Their life expectancy is about 12 years, and health problems do not appear. In order for a dog to develop properly, it is necessary to monitor its nutrition and take it for vaccinations on time.
The body is evenly covered with velvety hair. An adult pet has a steel-blue color of fur, which is parted in the middle.
Not every representative of the breed has a standard color and there are many variations. Your pet's coat must be carefully and properly cared for. Your pet should be bathed every 7-10 days. After bathing, the coat is carefully combed, and this should be done when it is already dry.
The length of a pet's fur depends on the wishes of its owner. To participate in exhibitions, a Yorkie must be attractive in appearance. To do this, the fur is laid. They use devices for winding it - curlers, which are necessary when the dog is from 8 to 12 months old.
When laying wool on curlers, palm, grape or mink oil is used. The wool is divided into small strands. After winding, they are wrapped in paper, folded and tied with elastic bands. The entire process of winding wool should be divided into stages. You need to make sure that your pet does not remove the curlers. They need to be changed every 2-4 days, and on the head - daily.
Before bathing, these unique curlers are removed and the coat is thoroughly combed. You need to make sure that it does not get tangled or tied into knots. If such a knot has formed, then it must be carefully separated with your hands, but not cut with scissors. If the pet does not participate in exhibitions, then it can be cut fashionably short. This will help make your Yorkie's coat easier to care for and give him a playful look. The coat of such dogs consists of long hairs, so they do not shed.
Grooming
White Yorkshire Terrier: name of the breed
Proper coat care is the key to a healthy dog. Yorkshire Terriers are unique due to their coat, which resembles human hair. This breed does not have an undercoat, so dogs can freeze in the cold season. You need to buy warm clothes for your baby; they can be found in specialized stores for dogs. You need to be prepared that keeping a pet costs a decent amount.
Clothing options
The dog needs to be bathed regularly, preferably once every week or two. After bathing the terrier, wrap it in a towel and dry it with a hairdryer. During walks, wool quickly gets dirty and loses its shine.
For your information! It is important to choose the right shampoo. Yorkies have sensitive skin and are often prone to allergies. There are special lines of shampoos for long-haired dogs. You can also buy a special spray that makes it easier to comb your pet.
To maintain a shiny, tangle-free coat, your Mini Yorkie must be brushed regularly. It is better to carry out this procedure once every two days. Once every two to three months, your pet should be given vitamins; they have a beneficial effect on the health and condition of the dog’s coat. You should first consult a veterinarian, he will select the appropriate drug.
An animal on the street can pick up ticks and other parasites, so the owner needs to treat the fur with special products against these pests once a month. Veterinarians do not recommend giving mini-Yorks modern tablets that protect against parasites. It is better to use drops that are applied to the animal’s withers and spine so that the product does not get into its mouth. The instructions detail how many drops you need to apply depending on the weight of your miniature Yorkie.
Mini, micro Yorkie
“Maxi”, “middle”, “mini”, “micro” - all these words are often found in advertisements for the sale of puppies, as well as on thematic forums. According to international standards, Yorkshire Terriers are not classified by weight. This very conditional division is found only in Russia or in neighboring countries, and is not official.
Depending on the personal vision of the breed of a particular breeder, the boundaries between classes can be established as follows:
- “Mini” - from 1 kg to 2 kg.
- "Middle" - from 2 to 2.5 kg.
- "Maxi" - from 2.5 kg to 3.2 kg.
Most often, “middle” and “maxi” fall under the standard. In the rest of the world, “mini” and “micro” Yorkies are considered a waste.
Proper feeding
In order for a mini-pet to live long and please its owners, it is necessary to provide it with the right diet. There are two options:
- Feed your Yorkie natural food that you prepare yourself. In this case, you need to be prepared to cook porridge, meat and regularly give vitamins;
- feed the animal with prepared food. It is better to choose premium products. Some Yorkies have sensitive digestion. In this case, only special food is suitable, which can be purchased after consulting with a veterinarian.
There are two feeding options
Important! Mini Yorkshire Terriers are often allergic. It is necessary to find out what product this reaction occurs to and completely eliminate it from the animal’s diet.
Many dog breeders feed their Mini Yorkies natural food because the dog refused to eat all the ready-made food offered. You cannot give your pet food from your own table, even if his gaze looks pityingly at the owner and at his plate. The terrier must have its own menu. A miniature dog can:
- chicken, turkey meat (if there is no allergy to this product);
- porridge with water (buckwheat, oatmeal);
- vegetables (zucchini, cucumber, carrots, pumpkin, bell pepper). Food should be given in small portions. Cabbage is prohibited, it provokes bloating;
- fruits. Yorkies love apples, pears, and bananas. It is important not to overfeed your pet;
- cottage cheese.
Many owners, after purchasing a puppy, wonder how much food their dog needs. Breeders recommend feeding puppies four times a day in small portions and as the terrier matures, switching to three meals a day. Some give adult dogs food twice a day.
Note! The portion should be calculated based on the weight of the pet; for each kilogram you can give 1 tbsp. spoon. For those who feed their mini-dog with ready-made dog food, tables with feeding recommendations are printed on the packaging.
After eating, the bowl with leftover food should be removed. Your Yorkie should always have a bowl of fresh water within his reach.
Lifespan
Mini Yorkies live from 12 to 16 years. Some individuals have a life expectancy of 7 to 9 years, as they are not in such good health as large dogs. Miniature Yorkies have fairly fragile bones that can break even when jumping off the couch. Often, owners of dwarf dogs go to clinics with dislocations in their pets.
Yorkies live up to 16 years
In order for a pet to live a long time and not get sick, the owner must regularly take it for vaccinations. The Yorkshire Terrier must be vaccinated against the following diseases:
- hepatitis, enteritis;
- plague;
- rabies.
For your information! Dogs can be carriers of dangerous infections. Vaccinations will help protect not only the puppy, but also its owners from such a terrible disease as rabies.
After buying a mini puppy, you need to constantly look at your step, otherwise there is a risk of not noticing the pet and simply crushing it.
